Education

Thoughts of School
More articles are linked to here in the Memory Hole.

Curriculum

Against 'Anti-Racism' in Education
by Antony Flew

Best Textbooks for a Free-Market University
by Mark Skousen
"In short, free-market economics is back in the college classroom."

Colleges Charge Big for Worthless Curricula
November 11, 2003
by Wendy McElroy
"There is an obvious solution: Return to a curriculum in which knowledge is valued more than political correctness."

Dumbing Us Down: The Hidden Curriculum of Compulsory Schooling by John Taylor Gatto
reviewed by Hannah Lapp
"As for solutions to the state of our educational system, Gatto at one point advocates a voucher, or school choice system, which would still be sadly deficient because of its dependence on government funds. His real thrust, though, comes out beautifully on page 79: 'Break up these institutional schools, decertify teaching, let anyone who has a mind to teach bid for customers, privatize this whole business—trust the free market system. I know it’s easier to say than do, but what other choice do we have?'”

Education and the Racist Road to Barbarism
by George Reisman
"The value of education is derived from the value of civilization, whose guardian and perpetuator education is supposed to be. An educational system dedicated to the barbarization of youth is a self-contradictory monstrosity that must be cast out and replaced with a true educational system. But this can be done only by those who genuinely understand, and are able to defend, the objective value of Western civilization."

Foundation Funding in the Marketplace for Ideas
May 24, 2000
by Randall G. Holcombe
"Philanthropists like Carnegie and Rockefeller engaged in a different type of philanthropy when they were alive than their foundations have become involved in after they died. The production of tangible benefits was replaced by attempts at social and political influence. One troubling aspect about this type of activity by foundations is that those who run the foundations are accountable to nobody for their activities. The person who gave the money is dead, and within broad limits the foundation’s trustees can spend the money in any way they think appropriate, without answering to anyone."

The Free Mans Library by Henry Hazlitt
reviewed by William Henry Chamberlin
"This anthology of some 550 books dealing with politics and economics from the libertarian standpoint is a most valuable and able contribution. Each work is briefly summarized and characterized by Mr. Hazlitt himself or by some competent critic. Further guidance is supplied by the introduction, distinguished by Mr. Hazlitt’s familiar qualities of penetration, lucidity, and humor."

The Literature of Freedom
by Henry Hazlitt
"Such a compilation seemed to me to be increasingly urgent because so few writers and speakers on public questions today reveal any idea of the wealth, depth, and breadth of the literature of freedom. What threatens us today is not merely the outright totalitarian philosophies of fascism and communism, but the increasing drift of thought in the totalitarian direction. Many people today who complacently think of themselves as “middle-of-the-roaders” have no conception of the extent to which they have already taken over statist, socialist, and collectivist assumptions—assumptions which, if logically followed out, must inevitably carry us further and further down the totalitarian road."

The Nature and Significance of Economic Education
by Israel M. Kirzner
"If public policies seeking to increase the scale and scope of government intervention in the economy are to be successfully fought at the legislative and executive levels, the economic understanding of the public must certainly and urgently be enhanced. For this to be achieved, the delicate interface between moral passion and scientific detachment must be recognized and respected."

The Online Transformation of Economics Education
February 11, 2000
by Ross Emmett
"The much discussed e-commerce revolution has been accompanied by a quieter, but equally far-reaching, transformation of educational services."

On the Importance of Economic Education
by Manuel Lora
"The majority of people on this planet are simply oblivious to the economic laws that permeate human action. Though some are aware of the law of supply and demand, this is barely scratching the surface. As Austro-libertarians, it is our responsibility to "get the word out" as much as we can. From marginal revenue product and decreasing marginal utility to the issues of central banking, time preference and minimum wage laws: he who feels able to disseminate this message ought to do just that."

Political Curriculum: Education Essential to Keep a Free Society
by Philip E. Jacobson
A free nation must teach each generation about the history of society so that they will be intellectually prepared to preserve their freedom in the face of social changes.

What's Wrong with How We Teach Economics
by Brandon Crocker
"My old economics professor who thought advanced calculus was the key to understanding economics was wrong. The key to understanding economics is understanding human action. Economic education will improve in this country when works that portray the grand nature of the economic process-works by Adam Smith, Wilhelm Röpke, Ludwig von Mises, F. A. Hayek, and others-are given an important place in the university."

History of Education

Bootie Zimmer's Choice
by John Taylor Gatto
"Trust the people, give them choices, and the school nightmare will vanish in a generation."

Education: Free and Compulsory
by Murray N. Rothbard
"The effect of the State's compulsory schooling laws is not only to repress the growth of specialized, partly individualized, private schools for the needs of various types of children. It also prevents the education of the child by the people who, in many respects, are best qualified-his parents. The effect is also to force into schools children who have little or no aptitude for instruction at all. It so happens that among the variety of human ability there is a large number of subnormal children, children who are not receptive to instruction, whose reasoning capacity is not too great. To force these children to be exposed to schooling, as the State does almost everywhere, is a criminal offense to their natures. Without the ability to learn systematic subjects, they must either sit and suffer while others learn, or the bright and average students must beheld back greatly in their development while these children are pressured to learn. In any case, the instruction has almost no effect on these children, many of whose hours of life are simply wasted because of the State's decree. If these hours were spent in simple, direct experience which they were better able to absorb, there is no question that they would be healthier children and adults as a result. But to dragoon them into a school for a formative decade of their lives, to force them to attend classes in which they have no interest or ability, is to warp their entire personalities."

Education In America
by Susan Alder
"Many parents and churches consider their involvement in the modern Christian school movement to be reclaiming what was lost in the last century. They try, as much as possible, to keep themselves free from government interference. Many refuse to report enrollment figures to state or federal education agencies on religious grounds."

Education in Colonial America
September 1983 by Robert A. Peterson
"Armed with love, common sense, and a nearby woodshed, colonial mothers often achieved more than our modern-day elementary schools with their federally-funded programs and education specialists. These colonial mothers used simple, time-tested methods of instruction mixed with plain, old-fashioned hard work. Children were not ruined by educational experiments developed in the ivory towers of academe."

Market Education: The Unknown History by Andrew J. Coulson
reviewed by George C. Leef
"After reading Coulson’s lengthy exposition, it is impossible to avoid the conclusion that abandoning the education marketplace in favor of government schooling is one of our greatest national blunders."

Market Education: The Unknown History by Andrew J. Coulson
reviewed by James E. Bond
"The title of Andrew J. Coulson’s book is misleading. The book is far more than an engaging historical account of “for-profit” education; it is a compelling brief for closing down the public schools and letting the market supply education much as it supplies any other consumer good, from milk to cottages."

Origins of Federal Control Over Education
by Charlotte Twight
"Intentional misrepresentation by government officials undergirded passage of both the National Defense Education Act of 1958 and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. With the NDEA, the bill’s ostensible justification was the “Sputnik crisis”; with the ESEA, it was the “war on poverty.” But those fanning public apprehension about the Sputnik crisis did not believe it was a crisis, just as those promoting the ESEA as an antipoverty measure understood that it would disproportionately benefit the wealthy. It matters little how many come to understand the truth now: the bills became law; they altered U.S. institutions; and in due time they ineradicably changed public perceptions of the accepted (and hence acceptable) role of government."

The Origins of the Public School
by Robert P. Murphy
"Most people-who were themselves educated either in the public schools or who used state-approved textbooks and state-licensed teachers-were taught that the founders of the American public-school system were simply devoted to ensuring opportunity to all Americans, rich or poor. But we have seen that the main thrust of the system was to assimilate those elements of the population, such as the Catholics, poor, and foreigners, who did not fit the mold of what a "proper" American should be. School was transformed from a voluntary setting of learning into a coerced detention center, with its wards being fed consciously selected information in an attempt to produce acquiescence in the status quo."

Public Education versus Liberty: The Pedigree of an Idea
by Michiel Visser
"Now that many parents have taken things into their own hands, thus re-conquering bits of sovereignty ceded long ago, we wait for political leaders who will not be afraid to state the truth. That the attempt of the state to educate has failed. That it is time to undo the antiquated legacy of absolutism. That we must once again separate state and school. Thus we await the liberation of our schools."

The Spread of Education Before Compulsion: Britain and America in the Nineteenth Century
July 1, 1996
by Edwin G. West
"This essay will accordingly look at the history of the subject to enquire to what extent the altruism of typical parents extended to education as well as to other necessities before governments intervened. I shall first examine conditions in England in the nineteenth century prior to the introduction of compulsory education. I shall then make a similar investigation of the United States to see if there were interesting parallels."

The Underground History of American Education
by John Taylor Gatto
"John Taylor Gatto documents how the basic philosophy of state-sponsored schools was lavishly funded by power elites in huge tax-exempt foundations (especially the Rockefeller Foundation and the Carnegie Corporation) and came to service their interests in The Underground History of American Education." - Steven Yates.

Home Schooling

Free to Be Me: Homeschooling Advances Liberty
by Isabel Lyman
"Homeschooling, on the other hand, liberates youngsters - and their parents - from being obsessed with grades, popularity, fashions, homework, bullies, and bad teaching. These families have more energy to devote to “big picture” issues like life and liberty."

Hitler's Ghost Haunts German Parents
August 12, 2005
by Alexandra Colen
"Of all religious groups Baptists were among the most fiercely persecuted in the Soviet Union. They were not just Christians but they also distrusted the state, preaching an institutional secession from state-run institutions. Many Baptists belonged to the German-speaking minority in Southern Russia and Kazakhstan. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, they emigrated to Germany, the land where their forefathers had originally come from. Today, these Baptist immigrants from Russia, as well as the Low-German Mennonites, are being prosecuted in Germany because they are unhappy with what their children are learning in the German public schools, which they consider too secular. Children are not allowed to opt out of classes or school activities and homeschooling is illegal in Germany since Adolf Hitler outlawed it in 1938."

Homeschool Civics Lessons
by Cathy Cuthbert
"Our government, like every government since before Plato conceived of his Republic, knows full well the danger that homeschooling represents. My final Homeschool Civics Lesson is therefore the most important to learn: homeschoolers must be eternally vigilant."

Homeschooling and Educational Choice
by Dennis L. Peterson
"Undoubtedly the best possible school choice plan would be the free market: no government coercion to attend any school. That means total freedom to choose—whether that choice be public schools (should any survive the competition of the free market), private schools, homeschooling, or even no school at all. Let the market, which has brought the United States such unsurpassed material prosperity, bring us a similar educational prosperity."

Home Schooling: A Personal Experience
by Hannah Lapp
"My own formal education, and that of most of my 11 brothers and sisters, consisted of eight years of schooling at home. Our teacher was Mother, or our big sister Lydia. Going to school meant going to an upstairs hall or other suitable room in one of the sundry and fascinating dwellings we called home in those days."

Homeschooling As A Better Alternative To Public School
September 29, 2005
by Chris Liakos
"The homeschool environment promises a more wholesome atmosphere and academic progress that can be monitored closely by parent instructors with a vested interest in the student's learning outcome."

Homeschooling Facts
by Greg Beato

Homeschooling for Liberty
by Tom Smedley
"Well, suppose we politely refuse to hand our children over. Suppose we raise our children to regard all the claims of the state, starting with its asserted claim to 30 hours of their lives every week, with skepticism. How likely will these children be to go along with other statist demands in the future?"

Homeschooling Must Be Decriminalized: Parents Really Do Know Best
September 18, 2003
by Ariel Dillon
"Although there are no restrictions on homeschooling at the federal level, and it is never once mentioned as illegal in California law, the California Department of Education (CDE) has regularly tried to undermine parental freedom to teach children at home. The most egregious example was a statement made by the CDE, since toned down, which said that any homeschooled child is a truant. Social service workers have also harassed families by forcing entry to private homes, privately interviewing, and strip searching children, simply because the children were not enrolled in a formal school."

Lessons from Homeschooling
September 1998
by Donald J. Boudreaux
"But parents today increasingly avoid “education specialists” because these alleged specialists are so bad that non-specialist parents outperform them at the task of education. The average home-schooled child scores in the 85th percentile on standardized achievement tests a full 35 points higher than the score registered by the average public-school student."

The Myths of Home Schooling and the Inferiority of State Education
by Dain Fitzgerald
"It’s high time we all stop patronizing the system, offering modifications to an inherently inefficient and indecent status quo. Home schools, the ultimate in private schools, offer the ultimate solution."

Public School Failures, Homeschool Successes
by Dennis L. Peterson
"In short, homeschooling not only works, but is helping to erode the public school monopoly. The more this message gets out, the more serious will become the homeschooling option."

Raise Your Own
by Cathy Cuthbert
"Libertarians like to talk about all the free market solutions that will spring up once government schools are put out of business. There would be an explosion of choices spanning all teaching methodologies and espousing every world view. I am confident of the virtues to come from free market education, so much so that I choose to volunteer in the movement to separate school and state. Yet despite the anticipation of a glorious free market triumph, I am not completely optimistic. I don't foresee the abandonment of full-time, institutional schooling and the serial parenting that has risen around it, a hurdle barring true education reform. Why? Because child rearing is not an activity that should be hired out. The relationship between mother and child is not economic; it is deeply personal."

The Rise of the American Empire
by Cathy Cuthbert
"It may take time for homeschool families to emerge from their parents’ public school brainwashing, but with intellectual freedom will come the inevitable rejection of government lies and statist sophistry. I predict that homeschoolers will dominate the minority that brings about the next American revolution, just as homeschoolers dominated that minority in the first American revolution. And I expect my homeschool family to be part of it."

The Seduction of Homeschooling Families
by Chris Cardiff
"While educational statists will never be able to put the homeschooling genie back in the bottle, they've made great strides in coaxing him to do their bidding. Many homeschooling activists recognize the dangers and are sounding a clarion call to resist the seductions of state-funded "freebies" and the inevitable strings attached to them."

Toward an Educational Renaissance
by Chris Cardiff
"Can parents be trusted to educate their own children? The underlying assumption of America’s vast government school system is that they cannot. Yet homeschooling families, illustrating the powerful concept of spontaneous order in a free society, belie that assumption."

Who Controls the Children?
by Carl Watner
"Homeschooling, as the State has already recognized, contains an explosive and potential force for change, possibly away from statism in the direction of voluntaryism. If there is to be a change, it must originate within the individual, and must proceed from individual to individual. Homeschooling certainly follows this method. There can be no mass conversions. Only as the philosophy of voluntaryism is passed down from father to son, from mother to daughter, will the situation change."

Private Education

Academic Secession
11/8/1998
by Dr. John H. Moore
Grove City College retains its independence from the Department of Education by refusing all federal funds.

Access to Achievement: Opening up good schools for all
by Chris Lambert
"The demand for private education is enormous-and not just from parents of the brightest students. But only a minority can afford it, because they already pay tax towards the state system. It's time to build a new system that supports parents who want the right school for their children's abilities - and needs- so that non-state education becomes accessible to all, says top private school teacher Chris Lambert in this ASI report."

Alliance for the Separation of School & State
"Separation of school and state applies to schooling the approach Americans have used for churching: Government doesn't run, compel, or finance Sunday School. We believe the same approach should be applied to Monday school, Tuesday school, Wednesday school, etc., etc."

Can the Free Market Provide Public Education?
by Sheldon Richman
"There is no good substitute for the decentralized, spontaneous entrepreneurial process that full privatization of education would stimulate. But entrepreneurship has preconditions: freedom and private property on both the supply and demand sides. That means no government money. Asking for government finance is equivalent to the Founding Fathers’ asking King George to finance the American Revolution. He might have agreed—but it would have been a very different revolution."

Competition in Education: The Case of Reading
by Daniel Hager
"The nature of accountability in the public and private sectors is fundamentally different. Perhaps nowhere is the contrast more vivid than in education, particularly the teaching of reading to young children."

Deschooling Society
by Ivan Illich

Education
by Dr. Mary Ruwart
The good doctor answers tough questions about education in a free society.

Educational Freedom
August 1975
by Scott W. Bixler
"Letting the market function unhampered in education would most likely produce an explosive and enthusiastic growth in the number of private voluntary schools. Parents would be free to send their children to trade schools, rightwing schools, left-wing schools, church controlled schools, "progressive" schools, or whatever type for which there was a sufficient demand. Those which satisfied their customers would flourish. Those which did not would have to close."

Education in a Free Nation: Children Can Learn without State-Forced Schooling
by Liz Hanson
"With government totally removed from the business of education, we will, I believe, be able to reexperience the uniqueness, diversity, and freedom that is our human heritage."

Envisaging a Free Market in Education
by Kevin McFarlane

For-Profit Schools Are Making a Comeback
by Joshua Hall and Richard K. Vedder
"Despite huge subsidies for public schools and opposition by public-school teachers’ unions, the for-profit education industry is growing dramatically, far outpacing the growth of the U.S. economy. Dissatisfaction with public schools, rising household incomes, and other trends suggest that for-profit schools have a bright future."

Freedom of Education Will Solve Our Education Crisis
by Jack D. Douglas
"Unfortunately, almost all of the politicians and so-called expert educationalists rushing forward to solve this latest education crisis seem to have forgotten the simplest facts about the early history of American education, which enabled this country to produce far more than its share of the world’s most creative thinkers. This ignorant panic is inspiring a headlong rush into the central planning and bureaucratization of education that have been increasingly destroying the effectiveness of U.S. education for over 40 years."

A Free-market University
by William H. Peterson
"It’s Universidad Francisco Marroquín, founded in 1972 in rented space in the capital city of Guatemala. Clues to its philosophy are seen in the name of one of its newest buildings, the Ludwig von Mises Library, so designated in foot-high polished brass lettering over its entrance, and in the fact that members of the UFM faculty have been published on the editorial page of The Wall Street Journal as much as those of any American university."

Higher Education at Lower Cost
August 31, 1998
by Richard K. Vedder
"But things are changing as entrepreneurs see the possibility of turning a profit while offering a good education at a competitive price—even without subsidies. A for-profit school can hire people whose main job is to teach, for much less per hour. It can gain efficiencies through technology and have fewer administrators. The University of Phoenix, now in 12 locations and on the Internet, is one of America's largest universities."

Introducing Children to Liberty: A Golden Opportunity for a Free Nation's Survival
by Danielle M. Woodrich
Advocates raising children according to A. S. Neill's principles to create "an opportunity for a culture based on liberty to survive and prosper."

The Invisible Miracle of Catholic Schools
Summer 1996
by Sol Stern
"Catholic schools are already transforming the lives of thousands of poor black and Hispanic children, many of whom are not Catholic. Unlike the public schools, which have trivialized their curriculum and abandoned their standards in the name of multiculturalism, Catholic educators have remained committed to the ideal that minority children can share in, and master, our civilization’s intellectual and spiritual heritage. Indeed, Catholic schools are among the last bastions in American education of the idea of a common civic culture."

Learn in Freedom
by Karl M. Bunday
"This site is about learning in freedom, taking responsibility for your own learning. It shows you how to use your own initiative in learning, so you can use schools and teachers just when they are helpful to you, and voluntarily chosen by you. There's a specific page on this site to show you how to get started in learning in freedom, and there are plenty of other pages on this site about other subjects. To find a specific page on this Web site, you can keep on reading for more links from this home page, which links to the main pages on this site, or you can use the site map or the search links on the bottom of every page (and on the top of most pages) to help you find what you are looking for. Besides internal links, there are links to more than 1,000 other Web sites on this site's more than forty pages."

Learning from the miraculous achievements of St. Adalbert
by Charles A. Byrne
St. Adalbert School in Cleveland, on a budget approximately one-fifth that of a comparably sized publicly funded school, educates poor children who were getting D's and F's at other schools so that 92% go on to post-secondary education and the rest get jobs.

Learning Lessons Our Schools Can't Teach
by Mary J. Ruwart
"How can our children learn to abhor aggression when we teach them in a system built on it?"

A Lesson from the Third World: On the Extraordinary Success of Private Education in Africa and India
by James Tooley
Private schools succeed, unlike state schools.

Marva Collins Way by Marva Collins and Civia Tamarkin
reviewed by Bettina Bien Greaves
"The success of Marva’s method has been astounding. As a result, she has received nationwide attention in the press, radio, and TV. In five years, her enrollment grew from four to 200. Yet Marva says she performs no miracles. She just works hard! This book shows just how hard. It relates her struggles with the establishment, starting her own school, and coping with expansion. It explains in considerable detail just how she teaches, even listing at the back the books she uses. Anyone who is teaching, who is considering teaching, anyone who is homeschooling, or who simply loves children, will find this book fascinating."

Nock On Education
by Wendy McElroy
"Nock's alleged elitism may have been nothing more than his ability to recognize intellectual merit and the ensuing respect he paid to it. In a society that recognizes and applauds widely different abilities in fields such as athletics and music, it is odd to encounter an enduring resistance to the idea of widely different abilities to simply learn."

Non-state education franchises
"In most countries, the state provides education or makes private education difficult under its tax and regulatory regimes.
Nevertheless, in many developing countries, entrepreneurial groups have arisen to provide a better education than students might sometimes get from the state. They charge relatively modest fees, and are financed almost totally from fee income, but still make a profit (or, if they are non-profit organizations, a surplus). Often, the most successful will be those who have pioneered particular approaches to education and franchise it out to local operators. Accordingly, these chains benefit from brand reputation and recognition, gain from economies of scale, and are large enough to cross-subsidize (or just take a risk on) disadvantaged students."

Paul Goodman and the Reform of Education
by Samuel M. Thompson

Private Education for the Poor?
by Claudia R. Hepburn
"This author details startling facts about the public and private sector in educating impoverished children."

Private K-12 Education: Society's Best Investment
April 12, 2000
by Alexander Tabarrok
"The children and their parents have spoken. Millions of them want out of the government schools and they are asking for our help. Charities and philanthropists interested in American society will find few causes with as much power to improve a child’s life today and an adult’s life tomorrow than scholarships for K-12 education."

Public Failure, Private Response
January 1999
by Doug Bandow
"Such private programs offer a glimmer of hope to children and families trapped in a failing public monopoly. Political reform remains important, but advocates of children need not wait for politicians to act. Indeed, developing successful private scholarship programs will not only help struggling students; it will also make real political change more likely. Instead of pouring their money and energy into failing public schools - as did publisher Walter Annenberg with $500 million in 1993-businessmen, foundations, and philanthropists should develop alternative private educational options."

School Choice for Inner-City Kids
by Timothy P. Ehrgott
"In August 1991, a private group in Indianapolis, Indiana, decided to address the education problem by focusing on low-income students trapped in the government-run, inner-city schools. This effort, now emulated in ten other American communities, offers a challenge to those who have put their faith in routine reform efforts around the country."

A School with a Money-Back Guarantee
by Scott Payne
"In Lansing, Michigan, one finds a new wrinkle in education: a money-back guarantee. HOPE Academy, a primary and secondary school operated for profit by Eleanor Sambaer and Marina Farhat makes this unique offer: Give us your kindergartner. If, by the end of the academic year, your child can’t read at least on a second-grade level, you get your money back."

A Solution to the Education Crisis
by Robert W. McGee
This paper explores the possibility of privatizing education and attempts to answer questions such as: Is providing for public education a legitimate function of government? How would education be funded if government didn't do it? How would a privately funded education system provide for those who couldn't pay?

State Subsidy to Private Schools: A Case History of Destruction
by John Chodes
"This is a story of how government aid entangles private schools in public policy and eventually leads to state control. It is especially pertinent today because many parents with children in public schools are lobbying state legislatures for help: tax credits, vouchers, or even direct subsidies to put their children into private schools. Parents hope that they can obtain government aid and still maintain control over their children’s education."

Toward a Market in Higher Education
by William G. Stuart
"The alternative is to abolish government regulation of higher education and sell public universities to private operators, who then will organize the institutions to compete effectively with private colleges for students."

Public (Socialized) Schools

The Agony of Public Education
by James L. Payne
"Public schools in the United States are suffering not because of lack of accountability but because they are “accountable” to too many competing interest groups. The U.S. educational system is not falling behind those of Japan, France, and Germany, but is leading the way in a democratic descent toward uniform mediocrity."

Anarchy Revisited: An Inquiry into the Public Education Dilemma
by Robert H. Chappell
Compares the educational viewpoints espoused by European anarchists of 19th century and the views of American anarchists Ivan Illich and Paul Goodman of the 20th century.

Are Parents Boycotting Public Schools?
May 7, 2002
by Wendy McElroy
"With reports of homeschooled children outperforming those educated by government schools in national spelling bees and on some tests, parents who would never resist authority in any other area seem willing to step forward for the sake of their children's well-being."

Big Schoolmaster
by Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr.
"As American education has become more centralized, it has also become more left-wing, more dim-witted, and more anti-parent. Only one small area of freedom remains: the private school. Nothing is worth subverting that freedom."

The Central Fallacy of Public Schooling
by Daniel Hager
"Children who are turned over to the state become molded by the state. Most parents cannot conceive of a totally privatized alternative because they themselves have been indoctrinated by public schooling to believe in its alleged necessity. However, it is fallacious for parents to think that children can escape government schooling without having their traditions and beliefs subverted."

Changing the Education Paradigm
December 13, 2005
by Scott McPherson
"We don’t have a Department of Sustenance because food is far too important to be controlled by a government bureaucracy. Likewise, we don’t need education central planners of any kind, from the federal Department of Education to state boards of education to local school boards. It’s time we stopped arguing about petty details about how best to run state schools and instead started talking about true educational freedom in America."

Compulsory Schooling No Substitute for Good Schools
by Claudia R. Hepburn
"Free, compulsory schooling does not result in a universally educated citizenry when it is insulated from market forces."

De-worshipping Public Education
by Karen De Coster
"It’s high time that the public resist the inherent dangers of continuing on a path toward a more socialized, bureaucratic, and just plain immoral taxpayer-funded public school system. Taxpayers need to reject the public education nipple and look toward the same market they covet for their goods and services – the free market."

Disestablishing Public Education
by Anna David
"C/CSA is run much like a business, with a 15-member board of directors, seven of whom are corporate executives. Their leadership, which includes aggressive management of financial resources and continual student performance measurement, has resulted in a school that boasts a 97 percent average daily attendance rate and a majority of students at or above national grade-level average performance levels. Last year, for example, nearly 88 percent of the school’s six-year-olds were at or above the national grade-level average in reading. By comparison, 26 percent of Chicago public school six-year-olds had reached the grade-level average. Similar results appear in math and vocabulary. In addition, C/CSA operates year-round for about $1,000 less than the $6,000 spent per pupil in Chicago public elementary schools."

Disestablish Public Education
by Leonard P. Liggio
Libertarians need to offer solutions to the problem of public education, otherwise desperate parents might adopt proposals offered by economists from the Chicago school.

Education
by Murray Rothbard
"If education were strictly private, then each and every group of parents could and would patronize its own kind of school. A host of diverse schools would spring up to meet the varied structure of educational demands by parents and children. Some schools would be traditional, others progressive. Schools would range through the full traditional-progressive scale; some schools would experiment with egalitarian and gradeless education, others would stress the rigorous learning of subjects and competitive grading; some schools would be secular, others would emphasize various religious creeds; some schools would be libertarian and stress the virtues of free enterprise, others would preach various kinds of socialism."

Educational Decarceration
by Daniel Hager
"As technology proliferates, it will drive increasingly deep wedges into the structure of tax-funded schooling and open the system's rationale to widespread critical examination. From that process families can hope to wrest control of their children from the state, and children can hope to be sprung from their prisons."

The Educational Octopus
by Mark J. Perry
"What then should we conclude about the quality of public education in the United States given the following facts? Public school teachers send their own children to private schools at a rate more than twice the national average--22 percent of public educators' children are in private schools compared to the national average of 10 percent."

Education in a Free Society edited by Tibor Machan
reviewed by Karen Y. Palasek
"Editor Tibor Machan states in his introduction to this collection of four essays that “The primary concern in this book is whether human individuality is compatible with coercive public education.” Each of the four perspectives offered takes a unique approach."

Education Reforms Typically Ignore Root Causes
November 6, 2000
by John D. Merrifield
"Why is K-12 reform an unending, increasingly urgent process? Answer: Because the proposed reforms rarely address the underlying problems. Most proposals aim to improve the school system without fundamentally changing it."

Ending the "phony" debate over equal education vs. local control
by Sheldon Richman
The debate is "phony" because the right to have your children educated at the expense of someone else is a bogus right created by government.

Enterprising Education: Doing Away with the Public School System
by Andrew Young and Walter Block
"All the arguments in favor of a public provision of primary education prove to be unfounded and/or incorrect. The failure of the state to provide a high quality service to all (its explicit goal) has rendered public primary education illegitimate; and the immeasurable waste of resources and rejection of consumer desires has left public education borderline immoral."

ESOPing Schools
July 30, 2000
by Chelsea Mao
"One of the more interesting proposals that Vedder offers is to give ownership of schools to teachers, principals, and staff through Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs). As stakeholder in their own “company,” school employees would have an incentive to adopt strategies to increase revenues and reduce costs."

The Failure of American Public Education
by John Hood
"We not only fail to hold individual students accountable for poor performance, we have also failed to hold the entire government-controlled school system accountable for its performance since at least World War II. Public education is itself a failure."

Freedom of Religion and Public Schooling
by James R. Otteson
"Government support of religion, many people believe, violates freedom of conscience, politicizes and trivializes important values, and violates people’s rights. If the same is true of government support of education, doesn’t consistency require people to reject it, too?"

Free the Schools!
by Harry Browne
"Imagine a world where you pay no school taxes, and you choose a school for your child the way you buy a new computer or a new car."

Government Schooling: The Bureaucratization of the Mind
by Thomas E. Lehman
"Americans must begin to realize that the separation of education and state is equally as important as the separation of church and state. Only then will American students begin to experience academic diversity, intellectual growth, and a crime-free learning environment. Only then will we be liberated from the bureaucratization of the mind."

In praise of truancy
by Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr.
"Students themselves sense this truth, as they endure, day after day, bogus recycling lectures, egalitarian theorizing, and truncated and left-wing versions of history, in a general prison-like atmosphere. They know better than anyone that the public schools speak for a discredited ruling regime. With truancy, students are only declaring their independence. They should be allowed to do so without penalty to themselves or their parents."

Keeping the Nation At Risk
This article originally appeared in The American Prowler on April 25, 2003.
by David Salisbury and Myron Lieberman
"Everywhere pro-parent measures have passed, reformers have faced intense opposition by the teacher unions. With over 3 million members and dues-revenues that exceed $1 billion a year, the unions are an empire-like force. Through strong-armed political tactics and hefty financial and in-kind support to candidates who support teacher union positions, the unions are a virtually insurmountable obstacle to reforms that are essential to educational improvement."

Knowledge, Ignorance, and Government Schools
by Sheldon Richman
"Hayek called the competitive market a "discovery procedure." As he pointed out, there are things we can know only if the market is permitted to reveal them. We don't know what we will learn tomorrow. The implications of that fact for education are enormous. Without real entrepreneurship, we are deprived of innovations that could transform our lives in remarkable ways. Without a free market in education, we really don't know what we're missing."

Less is Good, Nothing is Better: How the State Can Improve British Education
September 3, 2005
by Sean Gabb
"The only answer is to get the state entirely out of education. The education budget should not be expanded, or its administration reformed. It should simply be abolished. That £49 billion - now, I believe, £63 billion - should be handed back to the people in tax cuts; and these should be directed at the poorest taxpayers. The schools should be sold off or given away, and the bureaucrats be made redundant. The people should then be left to arrange by themselves for the education of their children."

Let Qualified People Teach
March 9, 2001
by Richard K. Vedder
"Increased teaching barriers help maintain teacher shortages and increase pressures to raise salaries for existing teachers. Yet, the main supporters of the new proposed standards are not the teacher unions (who reportedly even oppose some of the new provisions), but rather the colleges of education, who derive tuition income and state subsidies from students taking their courses."

Liberate the Public Schools
by Steven Greenhut
"Despite what the noxious teachers unions say, the answer is not "more money." Do any readers really believe that what the D.C. schools are lacking is sufficient tax dollars? Clearly, something is wrong with the foundation of the system."

Limited School Choice Programs Miss the Point
April 9, 2003
by John D. Merrifield
"Without the full-fledged competition that only a universal, non-discriminatory program can foster, choice programs can only produce modest benefits. The current programs mostly fill empty seats in existing private schools. Milwaukee, with the nation’s oldest, largest, and most generous voucher program, has not expanded private school capacity enough to eliminate waiting lists. But in a mature competitive system, school entrepreneurs would form new schools to pursue the huge opportunities to profit by improving upon existing offerings."

The Problem of Education Doesn't End at the 12th Grade
by Lawrence W. Reed
"Education reformers have scored points everywhere by painting K-12 public education as an unresponsive government institution in need of competition, accountability, even privatization. If they take a look at universities, they will find much the same thing."

Public Education: An Autopsy by Myron Lieberman
reviewed by George C. Leef
"The intellectual case that public provision of educational services is optimal or at least preferable to the market alternative has sustained such devastating rebuttals that it is, in the author’s words, 'beyond life-sustaining measures.'”

School Censorship: Compulsion Creates Conflict
August 1988
by John Semmens
"The conflicts in education are in fact conflicts over a much more fundamental issue: the locus of sovereignty, and hence, the locus of personal responsibility. The person or institution which possesses sovereignty must be the one which takes on the responsibility. By affirming the legitimacy of tax-supported education, voters have attempted to transfer their responsibilities for the education of their children to another agency, the state. Yet, at the same time, they affirm their own sovereignty over the content and structure of the educational system. That they have lost almost every battle in their war with tenured, state-supported educational bureaucrats, is the direct result of the public's abdication of personal responsibility, family by family, for the education of their children. The war was lost on the day that parents, as voters, decided to transfer the financial responsibilities of educating their own children to other members of the body politic."

The School-Choice Choices
by John D. Merrifield
"School-choice advocates usually speak of only two alternatives: public-school choice (open enrollment among public schools) and private-school choice (taxpayers subsidizing private-school tuition). Yet two other alternatives hold even greater promise for improving education: child-centered funding and outright (consumer-funded) privatization."

Separating School and State by Sheldon Richman
reviewed by George C. Leef
"Richman convincingly argues that nothing short of the complete depoliticization of education will rescue it from its current degraded state. He contends that the proposals, supported by many free marketeers, for vouchers, contracting out, charter schools, and other marginal reforms will do little if any good as long as the state is still the major player in the field of education. We need to stop wasting our efforts on trying to untie the Gordian Knot of public education. There is but one solution to the crisis: the tie between school and state must be cleanly cut."

The Separation of School and State
February 25, 2004
by Wendy McElroy
"The cost of public education is not measured in tax dollars alone. A universe of educational possibilities has been obstructed by the attempt to enforce a government monopoly over how, where, when, and what children learn."

Service Without a Smile
by Sheldon Richman
"How do you square compulsory attendance and school taxes with freedom and free markets? Government schools were set up because freedom wasn’t trusted. By design they have shifted a major part of child rearing from parent to state, and have equated subservience to authority with good citizenship."

Shall the State Educate the People?
by Thomas Hodgskin
No. Says this article from 1847.

They Pry Them from Our Cold Dead Fingers
by Sharon Harris
"That big yellow school bus takes our children to huge government buildings where most of their waking hours are spent. Where each day begins with an invocation of loyalty to the state. Where their most treasured spiritual values and symbols are banished. Where peer pressure replaces family values. Where the truly important questions of life can’t be asked, much less answered. Where pop culture surpasses the classics. Where socialism is taught – both in theory and by example. Where conformity and indoctrination are far more important than thinking or reading…"

The War Against Life
February 2, 2003
by Butler Shaffer
"Contrary to those who look upon government schools as failures, I have long regarded them as shining accomplishments for state purposes: to produce herd-oriented men and women incapable of making independent judgments, and who are thus prepared to submit to external authorities for direction in their lives."

Whose Kids Are They?
by David Boaz
"But perhaps the best argument against compulsory schooling is the one raised by Isabel Paterson in The God of the Machine, in the form of a question to educators who support compulsion: 'Do you think nobody would willingly entrust his children to you or pay you for teaching them? Why do you have to extort your fees and collect your pupils by compulsion?'”

Will Universal Preschool Give All Kids a Head Start?
November 30, 2005
by Wendy McElroy
"This is the great danger: the presumption that government can raise children better than parents. If universal preschool is voluntary, then it may merely create another massive and ultra-expensive bureaucracy that accomplishes little.
If it is compulsory, then universal preschool will extend the government's usurpation of parenthood so that all 3- and 4-year-olds are under state supervision."

Why Free Schools Are Not Free
by Frank Chodorov
"If we start with the premise that education is a proper function of the State we must be prepared to accept the corollary: that the kind of education the State dispenses will be that which those in control consider desirable."

School Vouchers

Educational Vouchers: The Double Tax
February 1993
by Gary North
"The state may adopt vouchers for education on an experimental basis, in order to test the scheme. If it does foster independent education, vouchers will be scrapped. But they will not have to be scrapped. Vouchers may well become a permanent fixture of our government education system. If so, it will be for a reason: the school voucher offers vast new powers of control over a vibrant and growing independent school system that threatens to undercut government schools."

Friedman And North on Vouchers
by Milton Friedman
"My ultimate objective is precisely the same as Gary North’s, but I do not believe that we can get there from here without a transitional measure. That is what the voucher proposal is intended to provide."

The Political Economy of Educational Vouchers
by Dwight R. Lee
"The special interests that comprise the public school lobby have been able to subvert educational policy to their narrow advantages with the same political influence that will be used to frustrate any reform that threatens those advantages. These special interests would be emasculated by a system of educational vouchers that worked in the way envisioned by the advocates of vouchers. It is for this reason that we will never get a voucher system that is worth having. If educational vouchers are in our future it will be because the public school lobby will see them as the best vehicle for maintaining or enlarging their special interest advantages. Educational vouchers will never serve to increase the range of freedom in education, and may do much to restrict it."

School Welfare
7/23/1998
by Michael Chapman
School vouchers lead to government control of private schools.

The Truth About the G.I. Bill
January 1, 1997
by Thomas J. DiLorenzo
"People who advocate tax-funded school vouchers for private schools frequently hail the G.I. Bill of Rights education vouchers for World War II veterans as a model. In truth, the G.I. Bill was a budget-busting middle-class entitlement scheme that had destructive effects on higher education, and set the stage for virtually all our current educational problems."

Vouchers: Competition or Conformity?
by Sarah Erdmann
"Though some believe healthy competition will be the result of the voucher system, on the contrary, voucher-supported schools will become part of the monopoly of education by the government. Today, the salvation of free, non-politicized education in the United States rests on home-educators and those private schools that are willing and able to resist this socialist movement."

Vouchers: Politically Correct Money
by Gary North
"The standard argument in favor of school vouchers is that vouchers will restore lost parental authority over their children's education. This argument reveals a failure to understand the crucial relationship between moral authority, legal authority, and economic authority, It has persuaded a lot of parents to promote a reform that will not only not fulfill its stated goals but will actually undermine some parents' authority even further."

The Voucher System - Trap for the Unwary
April 1971
by Robert Patton
"If such a plan were ever adopted, powerful interests would immediately begin lobbying in support of restrictive legislation that would undercut the element of free choice in the plan as it now stands. Under pressure from strong special interest groups such as Shanker's United Federation of Teachers, laws might be passed to require that teachers in private schools meet standardized licensing requirements and that the physical plant of private schools meet arbitrary standards established by the government. Laws could (and would) follow laws, self-proclaimed reformers would come to advocate the imposition, on private schools, of what they would term "academic standards"; and, just as we now have a costly system of public education that wears the label "free," we may easily end up with a system of state education that bears the appellation 'private.'"

What American Education Needs
by Walter E. Williams
"The question I pose to these critics of vouchers and tuition tax credits is: which is the more serious and costly risk, that associated with the prospect of increased government intervention in nonpublic schools that might accompany vouchers and tax credits, or continued educational destruction of the nation’s youngsters, particularly its black and Hispanic youngsters?"

Why Conservatives and Libertarians Should Support School Vouchers
by Joseph L. Bast
"School vouchers would improve educational quality and are wholly consistent with the goals of limiting government and maximizing liberty. Vouchers also would restore the justice that all parents and taxpayers deserve as a matter of right."

Tax Credits

Giving Credit Where It’s Due: Why Tax Credits Are Better Than Vouchers
by Andrew J. Coulson
"Joseph Bast is overly pessimistic when he argues that education tax credits would fail to bring private schooling to lower- and middle-income parents. On the contrary, so long as they are structured properly, tax credits would ensure universal access to the education marketplace."

School Choice via the Universal Tax Credit
by Lawrence W. Reed
"Proponents of educational tax credits prefer them to vouchers on the grounds that they entail less government regulation of private schools and less risk of entanglement between church (through religious schools) and state because of their indirect nature. Unlike vouchers, credits do not transfer money from the state to schools or taxpayers."

Toward Freedom of Choice in Education
by Joseph R. Peden
Tuition tax-credits would be a step foward. School vouchers would be a step backward.

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